Persuasive Essay On Hunting - 1573 Words

In America, deer are an animal hunted widely throughout our country. Each winter citizens have mixed emotions about the sport. Some say its barbaric and cruel, while others argue that it’s beneficial and useful. Although people may say hunting is cruel and barbaric, have they ever thought about the upsides to be gained from hunting? While this is a topic that can be argued viciously back and forth, I believe hunters win the argument. Deer hunting keeps the population down, protects farmers’ crops, boosts economic sales, betters a person’s mental health, and teaches lifelong lessons on respect. These are just a few of the amazing benefits that can be gained from hunting. To further my knowledge on deer hunting and its uses, I decided to†¦show more content†¦I never realized that deer hunting could save your life. Hunting every year and keeping the fridge stocked with meat can be a lifesaver for a family in a time of crisis who doesn’t have the time or materials for a garden. Tony then added, â€Å"I hunt and what I hunt I respect. I do not hunt for fun. I hunt for food. If I shoot it, I am going to eat it† (T.McNair, personal communication, October 20, 2017). His statements really opened my eyes to the mindset of a hunter. This was a man taking the life of an animal, yet doing it solely out of respect and for the insurance of his own survival. How could this be barbaric? I then asked, â€Å"Are there any life lessons to learn from hunting?† He replied, â€Å"The biggest of all is respect. I have taken plenty of deer in my life and each time I have the utmost respect for the animal† (T. McNair, personal communication, 2017). He explained to me all the lessons on respect he experienced in the woods. They made him a better man and showed him how he should treat others. Throughout my interview with Tony, I could tell he knows and utilizes all the amazing benefits that are to be gained from hunting. I enjoyed interviewing him and we exchanged hunting stories and laughed. It was clear to me hunting was actually very beneficial and not barbaric. Deep in the woods of Alabama, Meredith Johnson sits waiting patiently for a deer to come graze. Johnson (2015) is yetShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Hunting795 Words   |  4 PagesHunting is what humans do daily in order to survive and it also keeps nature sustainable. But overhunting can hurt this balance and cause a chain of negative reactions that affect the entire planet. This has been an ongoing debate on whether hunting is sustainable or hurtful towards the environment. One can compare Aldo Leopold’s â€Å"Thinking Like a Mountain† and Rick Bass’ â€Å"Why I Hunt† to determine if hunting today is a safe practice. Aldo Leopold describes hunting as something dark and terrible. HeRead MorePersuasive Essay On Hunting939 Words   |  4 PagesHunting Hunting has been around since earth began. Early humans and animals hunted for a way of survival. Hunting is one of the unique ways to get exercise as well. Depending on the state you live in you may have to get a state license(s) in forward to hunt. Hunting is one of the few ways to keep animals away from unwanted areas, also it’s one of the ways to keep their population down. Many people like hunting since it’s fun to do and you learn how to survive in the wild. One of the pros of huntingRead MorePersuasive Essay About Hunting1923 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Hunting as a family is by no means a new tradition. In fact, it used to be one of several traditional American family values(Staff).† Meals from Nature Anybody feel like voluntarily waking up at the crack of dawn just to sit in the middle of the woods in a blind and probably see nothing for hours on end? Wait, what if I add that it’ll be in the middle of winter so the temperature will not only be freezing, but you’ll also have a frost bite approved wind slapping at your face? No takers? I figuredRead MorePersuasive Essay About Hunting1905 Words   |  8 Pagesfigured that would be the response. You’d be surprised though, because when I was around five or six years old freezing temperatures and being stranded in the woods sounded like paradise, especially with my best friend, my Dad, was right there with me. Hunting is a normal, almost expected hobby of individuals from the South. Fathers will bring their sons, daughters, and wives along to a large plot of land and appreciate the beauty of the trees and the woodland creatures they’ve immersed themselves in. EquippedRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Bear Hunting1224 Words   |  5 PagesNotwithstanding, not only pets in animal shelters die every year, but also animals hunted in their natural habitats. The bear population seems threatened by a hunting season once again. It is not the first time that these species are endangered due to hunting. After a long time of recovering, the government is debating whether to legalize bear hunting or not. Moreover, the turtle population in Miami also seems threatened. Reckless drivers in rural areas have been killing turtles in their natural habitatsRead More Organization is Crucial When Making a Sound Argument Essay example1114 Words   |  5 PagesOrganization is Crucial When Making a Sou nd Argument The development of animal rights organizations in the past century has made hunting a heated topic for debate. Modernization has left the primitive form of hunting and gathering behind as an obsolete form of human survival. With this occurrence one would think that hunting would lose its popularity, but this statement couldn’t be farther from the truth. It has developed more as a sport and participation is still widespread throughoutRead MoreThe Lottery Essay870 Words   |  4 PagesBelieving in a passion can be persuasive to others. If one has a passion for something, there is an uncontrollable emotion about it. Everyone in the world is different, if it was not that way, the world would not go around. Someone may have a passion for something that another person can not stand. In â€Å"The Lottery,† there was a negative passion for people getting stoned. The emotions of others that did not get stoned were horrific for the one getting stoned to death. The fathe r in â€Å"Without TitleRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies937 Words   |  4 Pagesto behave at home. Even after most of the boys, with jack in the lead, decided hunting and having fun was more important than anything, Ralph realized how important it was too sick by the rules he as chief had made. After Jack took a big group hunting and they let the fire go out Ralph tells them â€Å"I was chief, and you were going to do what I said. You talk.† â€Å"But you can’t even build huts then you go off hunting and let the fire out-â€Å", â€Å"There was a ship that passed.† (71) This shows Ralphs moralRead MorePersuasive Essay : Gun Control798 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Essay Did you know that in the United States almost 100,000 people are shot or killed with a gun in one year? 10,527 people die a year in handgun related incidents in the United States. This number, by far, outweighs the number of gun related deaths in countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan, which number 13, 22, and 87, respectively. What is the reason for such drastic differences in numbers? Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan are all countries that have stricter gun controlRead More‘the Absence of a Written Constitution ... Enables Constitutional Change to Be Brought About Within the United Kingdom with the Minimum of Constitutional Formality.’885 Words   |  4 PagesWorkshop 1: Preparatory Activities Activity 1 (essay plan re-done) ‘The absence of a written constitution ... enables constitutional change to be brought about within the United Kingdom with the minimum of constitutional formality.’ Consider the sources of the UK constitution and the methods by which it may be changed. Do you agree with Barnett’s views? The UK’s unwritten constitution, formed of Acts of Parliament [AoP], Royal Prerogative [RP], Constitutional Convention [CC] and Case

It s Kind Of A Funny Story By Ned Vizzini - 1404 Words

It’s Kind of a Funny Story – Blog 0.5 It is currently 2:23 p.m. four hours before the birthday party was supposed to begin. I march back and forth between isles of the Indigo teen section, briefly scanning each of the shelves before moving on to the next. I’m looking for the perfect book to gift to my friend and it’s exhausting. After looking through multiple dystopian fantasies and lite reads about star crossed lovers with chronic diseases, a pastel yellow book caught my eye. It’s Kind of a Funny Story by Ned Vizzini. The name was familiar, it was a movie with Zach Galifianakis and an actress that used to be relevant in 2005. I never saw it, however I was sure I saw a gif on Tumblr about it. I ended up buying the book and making a mental†¦show more content†¦He stops eating and sleeping until one night he falls into a suicidal episode. I have decent expectations for this book, yet I cannot help but feel like this might be another romantici zed novel about depression and that Craig will just be another idealized character. Nonetheless, I am excited to finally have the chance to read the novel and share the experience with you. It’s Kind of a Funny Story – Blog 1 Everyday Craig Gilner studied laboriously to get into the high school of his dreams. When he finally does get into Manhattan’s Executive Pre-Professional High School the pressure becomes unbearable. He feels inadequate to his overachieving peers, academically and socially. The stress then evolves into an eating disorder, poor sleep habits, drug use, depression and suicidal thoughts. Craig then begins to see a psychiatrist who prescribes him Zoloft. For a brief period, his thoughts shift back to the way they were before. Thinking that he no longer needed to be on Zoloft, he threw them away. His suicidal thoughts build up until he loses it. He calls 1-800-SUICIDE who refer him to a psychiatric hospital. My favourite part so far, about the novel is Craig. He’s raw and authentic, Vizzini does not romanticize Craig’s depression as something that makes you seem cool. Nor does he write Craig to be an adult’s idea of a teenager. Craig and his friends are what makes the novel relatable. There are so many times that me and many other

Swallowing Stones Free Essays

In Joyce McDonald’s novel, â€Å"Swallowing Stones† the protagonist, Michael MacKenzie, continues to make bad choices which lead to trouble. On Michael MacKenzie’s seventeenth birthday, he got a . 45-70 Winchester rifle from his grandpa. We will write a custom essay sample on Swallowing Stones or any similar topic only for you Order Now Michael figured he’d try out his new gun. Michael and a friend, Joe Sadowski, decided to shoot the rifle on the Fourth of July. They had no idea of the repercussion that it would cause when they did. The bullet that they fired traveled four blocks over and hit a man named Charlie Ward in the head as he was fixing his roof.Michael was on his way to his driving test at the D. M. V. when on the radio, it was broadcasted that Charlie Ward was mysteriously killed by a bullet from the sky on the Fourth of July. Michael finally realizes that he fired the shot that killed Charlie Ward. Michael panics and decides to hide his rifle in his back yard under a pile of wood. When the police go around from door to door, interviewing people and asking if anyone had any firearms, they get to Michael’s house. When the police ask if they had any firearms, Michael’s dad volunteers the information that his son owns a . 5-70 Winchester rifle.The police ask to see the rifle, but Michael makes up a story that it was stolen from his friends car, thus making his friend an accessory. Jenna, Charlie Ward’s daughter, is hunting for her fathers killer, she has pictured him as a faceless killer, a cold hearted man, but she finally hears from the town gossip that the shot came from the MacKenzie house during a party. Soon the police begin to think that it was Michael who fired the shot and they search the property, and they use metal detectors to try and find the gun, but come up with only a shell casing from the rifle. How to cite Swallowing Stones, Papers

Commission Accreditation and Quality - Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Commission Accreditation and Quality Measures. Answer: Introduction: The professional role of nurses is including a wide range of services, which includes medication administration to proper documentation of the patient. Thus, nurses need to follow the standard practice guidelines provided by the medical board and office. In this context, the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia has developed the ethical code, standard of registered nurse practices, competency standards for registered nurse in Australia and professional conduct (Butts Rich, 2012). In this essay the focus is to develop the understanding how law, ethics and professional guidelines guide nursing practice. In addition the essay would focus on the key principles underlying ethical, legal and professional guidelines and codes that underpin the practice of registered nurses in Australia, while developing sills in academic and information literacy. The skills related to the ethical and legal aspects in the Australian Nursing framework would be developed through the analysis of a case sce nario. In this essay, a case scenario has been focused, where a nurse witnessed another nurse, who was looking after an elderly, confused patient with high fall risk. It was revealed from the case scenario that, the nurse found it difficult to take care for her patient safely, thus, she tied the patient with her chair by using a sheet. Though the situation was significantly critical and the nurse was facing trouble to ensure patients safety due to the patients non-adherence with nurses guidelines, which is due to patient age and confusion; it is highly unethical to tie someone up, with the chair, by using a sheet. Being a nurse, one of the key responsibilities to ensure patients safety, satisfaction and well being. However, in the case scenario, none of the above mentioned responsibility has been met by the nurse (Goethals et al., 2012). It is because, tying someone up, instead of her taking her consent neither ensure the patients safety, nor enhances patients satisfaction or well being. Rather tying the patient violates not only the standards of the registered nurses guidelines or professional conduct, but it also violates the human rights, as well as affects the health and well being principles negatively. However, it has been seen in many cases that physical restrain, like tying patient with bed or chair is done for ensuring safety, but these kinds of incidents may raise a significant ethical issue for both the nurse and nursing home. If it is found to be inappropriate and patient has been harmed, the nurse can be sued by the patients family members. In the cases, like the scenario described here, where the patient is confused and consist a high fall risk, an appropriate management plan should be made based on patients condition and the decision needs to be taken and supported by all the members in patients care team (Jakobsen Srlie, 2010). Moreover, the most important thing is collecting patient or patients familys consent, which ensures that the procedure is done for the patients well being and patients family members are aware and supported the procedure. However, in the case scenario, neither such consent was collected, nor a thorough management plan of the patient was implemente d for managing the difficulties the nurse was facing, while dealing with elderly patient. Several evidences suggested that unnecessary use of physical restrain showed a significant harmful effect upon the patient, which can also cause pain or discomfort. Therefore, the witnessing nurse, after witnessing the situation, attempt to stop the colleague doing the physical restrain to the patient. It can be the scenario that the nurse becomes aggressive and do not attempt to cease the procedure. In this kind of situation, the nurse needs to handle the situation sensitively by making the colleague understand about the negative consequences of the work he is doing. In addition, the nurse should also make her understand regarding the patients discomfort and ethical issues related to the case (Aitamaa et al., 2010). However, even after discussion, the nurse is not ready to stop her activity, the witnessing nurse should complain to the nurse manager or the in-charge at that shift. It is because, according to standard 6 of professional nursing standard of nurses by NMBA, nurses should ensure a safe, appropriate and responsive quality of nursing; which is being hampered by the accused nurses practice (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). Moreover, according to code statement 2 ad 5 of NMBA ethical codes for nurses, Nurses value respect and kindness for self and others and Nurses value informed decision-making, both of which are hampering in this case (Mohr, 2010). Considering all of these standards of practices and analyzing the negative impact of the case upon the quality of services provided by the hospital to the patient, the management should be informed by the witnessing nurse immediately after discussing with the nurse. The incident should also be documented. Next to this step, the nurse should assist the management to undertake adequate legal action for breaching the ethical codes and professional standards as well as for attempting to harm a patient, without taking consent from either patient family or any members of the multidisciplinary team (Kontio et al., 2010). After that, the team should cease the procedure to be continued by the nurse. Another important thing that should be done in this case is informing the patients family regarding the incident and apologizing for the misconduct done by the nurse. After informing the case to the top management, the accused nurse should be asked regarding the case, for the sake of a thorough and professional investigation and the nurses opinion should be taken. Here, the nurse would be asked for what was the reason for her action, what were the constrains she was facing and what ethical issues she raised in the hospital. The nurse would be asked for seeking apology from the patients family as well as the hospital authority for the misconduct. The nurse would also be advised for not taking such step in future. Moreover, she would be allocated for proper training and compensation for her activity would be provided to her. In this context, a proper inquiry should be done by the medical board, where medical professionals from the other health care organizations would take part in the investigation to reduce the chance of biasness (Goethals et al., 2013). Being the witnessing nurse, immediately after the incident, lesson would be learnt, regarding the negative consequences that can occur, when a nurse does not follow the ethical and legal framework of the health care services. Registered nurse standards for practice have been developed for ensuring safe and high quality health care services provided by the Australian registered nurse. The case scenario revealed that the accused registered nurse, who tied the patient with chair, did not meet these standards. In this guideline, standard 6 discusses RNs role in providing safe, appropriate and responsive quality nursing practice, where in 6.5 standards, it has been depicted that RN practices in accordance with relevant policies, guidelines, standards, regulations and legislation (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2017). Therefore, in the case scenario, the accused nurse has not met this standard of practice for RN, as she did not follow the hospital policy, guideline and NMBA standard as well as violated human rights related legislation. On the other hand, according to standard 6.6, RN uses the appropriate processes to identify and report potential and actual risk related system issues and where practice may be b elow the expected standards (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2017). This standard has significantly followed by the witnessing nurse, as she attempted to reduce the risk of the misconduct by advising the accused nurse and reported the issue to the higher health care management staff to take immediate action, as she understood the actual risk related to the system and the practice is opposing the expected standard. Therefore, standard 6 can effectively be applied in the case scenario. In addition, According to the code statement 2 and 6, RN should promote respect and kindness for self and other as well as RN should create a culture of safety in the nursing and health care framework. However, in the case scenario, the accused nurse has not met these ethical codes, as she failed to establish a safe environment for the patient and attempted to violate patients rights. This is how the code of ethics for RN is applicable in the current case scenario. On the other hand, according to National competency standards for RN, nurse should comply with relevant legislation common law, fulfils the duty of care, recognizes and respond to unsafe or unprofessional practice, practices within a professional and ethical nursing framework (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au., 2017). In the case scenario, the accused nurse was unable to fulfil her duty and comply with the legal and ethical framework as she attempted to tie her patient in an unprofessional way to manage the patients fall risk related issue, which could harm the patient and violated the patients right. Therefore, it can be said that ethical and professional standards of registered nurse practice were not met in the case scenario practice, indicating a legal or ethical implication. While investigating the legal and ethical implication of physical restraint, the Joint Commission standards need to be reviewed. JC Standard PC.03.05.01 states that restraint can only be used when it can be clinically justified or warranted by patient behaviour, threatening the physical safety of the patient, staff or others. However, none of the above criteria was found in the case scenario, thus according to this legal standard, restrain was not applicable in the case scenario, indicating it a professional, ethical and legal misconduct. JC standard PPC 03.05.05 states that restraint should be used based on an individual order; however, there were no evidence of order provided by physician or a member of multidisciplinary team. According to JC Standard PC.03.05.15, organization should have proper documentation of the restraint usage, which was also not done by the accused nurse prior implementing the practice upon the patient (Wagner et al., 2012). Therefore, analyzing JC standards, it can be interpreted that these legal standards were not met by the accused nurse, while doing the misconduct in the hospital framework. Moreover, according to section 69 of the mental health act 2001, a patient cannot be placed over a physical restraint or speculation until it is crucial or as a last option. It is the liability of the professional to ensure the necessity of physical restraint, whether it is necessary or not and for doing this thorough evaluation and re-evaluation should be done by more than one professional (Ramsay, Roche O'Donoghue, 2013). The law also says that the consent of the patients family should be obtained, for using the restraint as a tool of patients well being. However, if consent was not taken and the process was not done properly, many legal challenges can be raised. It also states that any nurse using physical restraint should adhere to the Mental Health Commission rules in this context. However, law of false imprisonment protects a patient from an illegal restriction in his or her freedom of movement, which is applicable to the unlawful restraint of liberty, which has been noticed i n the case scenario. Therefore, an unlawful action could be alleged by the patients family; however, only relevant policy adherence or proper authorization documents for understanding restraint action can rescue the nurse from the compensation for the illegal conduct. None of the above mentioned criteria has been fulfilled by the accused nurse. Therefore, for the unethical practice, the nurse can be suspended from her job by the hospital authority, or she can be given a warning for such misconduct along with penalty (Mohr, 2010). Moreover, in case of legal allege by the patients family, the nurse can even be sued from her job. The registered nurse need to adapt the key skills and competencies required to fulfil her role effectively. In the Australian health care framework, in addition to follow the standards of practices, the nurse need to follow all the ethical codes and the legal policies built by the Australian medical and health care board. In this essay, an ethical issue regarding RNs role has been focused for understanding the role of RNs in adhering with the professional standards, ethical codes ad competencies. The essay evaluated the case scenario by demonstrating possible steps taken by witnessing nurse, the application of registered nurse standard for practice and the legal-ethical impaction of the case. The essay helped in developing a critical and reflective approach to the legal and ethical nursing practice. Reference List Aitamaa, E., Leino-Kilpi, H., Puukka, P., Suhonen, R. (2010). Ethical problems in nursing management: the role of codes of ethics.Nursing ethics,17(4), 469-482. Butts, J. B., Rich, K. L. (2012).Nursing ethics. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Goethals, S., de Casterl, B. D., Gastmans, C. (2013). Nurses decision-making process in cases of physical restraint in acute elderly care: a qualitative study.International journal of nursing studies,50(5), 603-612. Goethals, S., Dierckx de Casterl, B., Gastmans, C. (2012). Nurses decision?making in cases of physical restraint: a synthesis of qualitative evidence.Journal of advanced nursing,68(6), 1198-1210. Jakobsen, R., Srlie, V. (2010). Dignity of older people in a nursing home: narratives of care providers.Nursing Ethics,17(3), 289-300. Kontio, R., Vlimki, M., Putkonen, H., Kuosmanen, L., Scott, A., Joffe, G. (2010). Patient restrictions: Are there ethical alternatives to seclusion and restraint?.Nursing Ethics,17(1), 65-76. Mohr, W. K. (2010). Restraints and the code of ethics: An uneasy fit.Archives of psychiatric nursing,24(1), 3-14. Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. (2017).Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Registered nurse standards for practice.Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards/registered-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx Ramsay, H., Roche, E., O'Donoghue, B. (2013). Five years after implementation: A review of the Irish Mental Health Act 2001.International journal of law and psychiatry,36(1), 83-91. Wagner, L. M., McDonald, S. M., Castle, N. G. (2012). Joint Commission accreditation and quality measures in US nursing homes.Policy, Politics, Nursing Practice,13(1), 8-16.

An Observation on the Necessity of Established Space Lanes

Introduction As humanity has begun to explore his home system through the use of nuclear fission propulsion technology as a method of effective space travel the privatization and proliferation of various space faring vehicles due to the technology reaching its build out completion has created a sudden boom in the number of space faring craft.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on An Observation on the Necessity of Established Space Lanes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This in effect has created a worrying trend wherein due to the inherent nature of inter-solar objects such as asteroids, meteors, comets and micrometeorites, various private vehicles have in effect been subject to sudden jarring impacts radically altering courses or in the worst possible cases causing a subsequent malfunction in the nuclear energy source causing leakage and the subsequent death of the ship’s passengers. While nuclear fission pr opulsion technology utilizes Uranium 235 as an effective means of creating minor nuclear bursts of energy without having to utilize massive multistage rockets the fact remains that its use is isolated to outer space due to the fact that even minor nuclear explosions on the surface of Earth are considered a danger to the continued health and well-being of people within the immediately area (Reisz and Rodgers, 50). The process starts with a tiny nuclear fuel cube being exposed to an activation matrix composed of neutrinos and electrons in order to â€Å"excite† the atoms within the already unstable piece of nuclear material (Reisz and Rodgers, 50). Once a sufficient level of neutrinos and electron streams has engulfed the cube the process utilizes a multistage explosion utilizing various forms of fissile material in order to trigger a small nuclear explosion at the back of the ship (Fittje and Buehrle, 502 – 504). This explosion is usually several million degrees in temp erature (3.2 million to be exact) and through the use of an electron stream is encouraged to eject its energy outward following the path of the electrons (Fittje et al., 503 – 508). This in effect creates a chain reaction which incites forward motion and propels the ship towards a given destination at speeds previously unheard of for space faring vehicles (Grandin et al., 26 – 30). Composite materials made out of nano-weave (created through the use of nanomachines and high tensile nanofiber) and titanium X22 (titanium support beams combined with artificial diamonds) have enabled radiation to be effectively sealed off from a ship’s passengers (Zweben, 37).Advertising Looking for article on astronomy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fact remains though that such materials were never meant to take direct impacts from asteroids a few kilometers across. In fact any given time, numerous planetoids composed o f rock, dirt and various minerals proliferate the area between space and planets (Zweben, 37). While some are quite obvious the fact remains that several objects move at varying speeds through space in effect creating obstacles from one point to another. One of the detrimental effects of nuclear fission propulsion technology is that from a rudimentary perspective it is effective in getting an object from one point to so long as the route is in effect a straight line. Course corrections can be made however these take time and with the sheer speed a ship moves at within a given hour (30,000 miles per hour) the ability to effectively create a course correction is inhibited by the fact that an approaching interplanetary object could be moving at a certain velocity as well and due to its sheer size may in effect impact a ship faster than course corrections can be made (Lenard 404 – 408). Within the past 20 years ever since the privatization of space travel has been put into effect there has been a notable rise in the sheer amount of accidents wherein ineffective course corrections have been attempted resulting in the death of passengers and crew. While this paper doesn’t disparage the recent boom in the space travel industry it does criticize the reckless abandon of several space travel agencies that leave at nearly any given time in order to get their passengers from one location to another. Established routes have not been created resulting in an increasing amount of accidents as space travel has grown in popularity. While emergency rescue missions can be mounted the fact remains that upon arrival most ships have either drifted so close to a planet that they are engulfed by a planet’s gravity and burn up in the chromospheres or the impact has jarred the ship in such a way that the occupants are exposed to background radiation in space as well as radiation from the propulsion technology itself resulting in their subsequent deaths. It is due to this that this paper proposes the creation of various signal buoys that can be placed at various areas in order to effectively create interplanetary highways and an advanced early warning system in order to alert ships of incoming objects before they get too close to avoid.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on An Observation on the Necessity of Established Space Lanes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such a system will utilize traditional solar panel technology within areas close to the sun however will have to utilize nuclear fusion reactors in areas closer to the outer planets due to the lack of solar energy (Theodorakos, 72). It is expected that through the strategic placement of possibly millions of these buoys through the solar system that an effective trajectory system can be created wherein routes can be planned out before execution thus preventing future deaths as a result of reckless course trajectories ( Janssens van der Ha, 778 – 780). Feasibility and Application The use of signal buoys has actually been a technology that has been utilized on Earth for hundreds of years in order to help ships orient themselves near landmasses. In fact the basis of this particular proposal is based off the design utilized in a light house wherein the constantly rotating energy beam helps ships to know when they are close to a particular land mass. While it is infeasible to place signal devices on every single type of moving object in space what is feasible is the creation of a moving method of detection in order to observe when a particular object is close by. While the use of traditional radar systems is ineffective in space what can be used is a projected gamma wave originating from a rotating gamma energy projected on a buoy. What this does is in effect project two separate gamma radiation beams in two directions in order to seek out large masses in space such as asteroids, comets etc (Raz zaque et al., 611 – 615). The reason behind the use of gamma radiation is simple, due to the property of gamma rays wherein the propensity for absorption by a particular object is directly affected by the degree of thickness of the object’s various layers this means that the mass of a particular object can be determined through the level of penetration of the gamma ray beam (Lisitskiy, 103927). A gamma ray buoy can use sensors to determine the degree of penetration of a particular object when a ray encounters it and transmit the information to satellites in order for the information to be relayed to a combined early warning system/course plotter in order to determine a path that avoids certain special masses within a given area (Razzaque et al., 611 – 615).Advertising Looking for article on astronomy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While there are concerns regarding the potential for such satellites inadvertently exposing the passengers of ships to deadly gamma radiation the fact remains that the hulls of all ships are composed of effective lead, titanium and nanofiber shielding that they in effect block all forms of radiation from entering the ship. Solar and Space Weather Phenomenon Affecting Detection Grid The inherent problem with inter-solar (referring to within a solar system) communication is the fact that solar weather and sudden changes in the Sun’s activity can in effect interrupt or delay transmission resulting in possible problems from cropping up in the detection system. Solar wind is a stream of charged particles consisting of protons and electrons originating from the upper atmosphere of the Sun, has been known to cause significant problems for inter-solar communication systems (Lemaire, 20 – 23). The reason behind this is the fact that the charged protons and electrons originating from solar wind in effect creates an ionic discharge from electrical components when the protons and electrons interact within the differently charged electrical equipment usually resulting in up to 1000 volts of static electricity building up as a result of the interaction between the electrical components and the charged particles (Bhardwaj, 526 – 527). As a result of this interaction a significant electrical charge builds up resulting in a subsequent overload of the system as the degree of exposure increases. While such a phenomenon is rare in various communication systems within planetary atmospheres, systems located near the sun have in effect a higher degree of exposure thus a greater likelihood of sudden electrical surges frying the system (Bhardwaj, 526 – 527). Even in cases where the stream of charged particles reaches the outer planets there is still a significant risk of the charged particles negatively affecting equipment which in some cases has been shown to subsequently shut down as a result of an electrical surge due to sudden outburst of high heat from the interaction resulting in 1000 kelvin or more in released temperatures.(Bhardwaj, 526 – 527). While proper shielding can be utilized this is often expensive and limits the number of space buoys that can be released due to the added cost. On the other hand it must be noted that cases of solar wind directly affecting equipment in space are not as high as one may think and as such this could be considered an acceptable margin for equipment error when taking into consideration the number of buoys that can be released. Further examination of other space weather phenomena show that geomagnetic storms which are a result of either solar wind or a coronal mass ejection are capable of creating disturbances in a planet’s magnetosphere resulting in possible fluctuations in the ability of signals to properly transmit (Pandey et al., 366). While this doesn’t affect space buoys located up to 20 to 30 million miles from interplanetary bodies, buoys located near Venus, Saturn, Jupiter and other celestial bodies may be affected if their orbits are close enough to the planet. The true problem with geomagnetic storms lies in their ability to increase the solar ultraviolet emission heat in the upper atmosphere of various planets by up to 1,000 Kelvin or more which in effect causes them to expand. Buoys located near massive planets such as Jupiter and Saturn which already have a significant gravitational pull may cause the buoys to crash into the planets themselves as a result of the upper atmosphere expanding due to the increased heat resulting in the deterioration of the orbits of satellites in orbit around the planetary body (Lago et al., 69). It must be noted that course adjustments can be utilized in order to maintain a proper geosynchronous orbit however this requires constant vigilance and due to the sheer number of satellites involved will require a secondary system in order to ensure that buoys are within their proper orbits. Finally, in regard to buoys located near the inner planets a certain degree of concern must be entailed for the sudden occurrence of solar flares from the sun. Solar flares can be described as an event wherein the plasma located in the sun is heated to tens of millions of Kelvins resulting in a sudden brightening and the release of energy from the sun’s surface (McGregor, 195). Another factor that must be taken into consideration is the fact that most solar flares can reach lengths of several million miles as well as widths of up to 3 million miles or more. The inherent problem with such an event is that it releases electrons, protons, various ions as well as gamma rays into the surrounding environment (Malandraki, 309). For a system that utilizes gamma rays as a method of detection wherein a single beam of high intensity gamma radiation can reach 5 to 6 million miles in total detection area a sol ar flare can in effect blind most systems or cause a sudden malfunction over a long period of time. This sudden blind could enable large objects in space such as comets and asteroids to all of a sudden escape detection systems due to their ability to travel several kilometers within a few seconds. It is due to this that buoys located near the sun need to take into account solar flares as the cause of sudden malfunctions and adjust accordingly. Planetary Characteristics and their Infeasibility as Possible Detection Platforms So far it has been established that outer space has various detrimental effects that hamper the ability to create a detection network capable of finding large free floating objects in space. It must be noted that even though there are various difficulties in establishing such networks in space the fact remains that attempting to create a network utilizing a planetary base such as Earth could prove to be a far more arduous affair. Current methods of detecting obje cts in space from a planet are actually not that far removed from technologies established in the early 21st century since it was only in the mid 21st century that nuclear fission propulsion was invented. As such methods of detecting large free floating bodies in space involve the use of radio signals, planetary and atmosphere based telescopes as well as various forms of laser detection systems. The problem with utilizing such systems is the delay in which the data can be properly created and mapped. Not only that, such methods of detection cannot account for the majority of free floating objects in space and as such is an inefficient method of detection. While it has been proposed in the past that establishing observation sites on various planets and combining the data gathered could be an effective means of â€Å"mapping† the various objects in the solar system there are certain problems with the condition of various worlds that make this proposal high unfeasible. For examp le, establishing an observation platform on the surface of Mercury entails having to deal with the 700 Kelvin temperatures that the surface is regularly subjected to resulting in not only the possibility of damage to the equipment but its close proximity to the sun means that it is in the direct line of sight for a vast majority of solar cosmic rays, solar waves as well as solar proton events which have the possibility of causing electrical malfunctions in even the most well protected equipment (Wang and Ip, 34). Venus is also a terrible choice to place an observation platform due to the fact that it has a dense atmosphere composed of carbon dioxide and clouds containing sulfuric acid (Gasparri, 72). Not only that, its surface is well known for having significant levels of volcanic activity which makes establishing an observation platform on the planet nearly impossible without the danger of subsequent eruptions destroying the equipment installed (Gasparri, 72). While the surface of Mars may seem to be an ideal site for an observation platform due to its relatively thin atmosphere and the absence of volcanic activity the fact remains that accumulated data has shown that Martian dust storms that occur regularly are highly corrosive due to the nature of the Martian soil (Millour, 504). Gathered data shows that the average Martian dust storm can corrode even free standing steel structures over a period of time and as such this shows that Mars would not be an ideal location for an observation platform as well (Millour, 504). Jupiter and Saturn are also out of the question due to the fact that the level of gravitational force evident when entering their respective atmospheres would crush any equipment that could be set up there (Barrow and Matcheva, 609). Conclusion Based on the data presented it can be seen that the best and most feasible method of implementing set space lanes and an early warning system for space faring objects is to establish a buoy system withi n the in-between the distances travelled by ships. While such a system could be vulnerable to the effects of solar weather and other forms of local solar environmental effects that fact remains that its implementation would help to save lives and this can be considered an effect means of promoting safe space travel. Works Cited Alisson Lago, et al. â€Å"Interplanetary Origin of Intense, Superintense and Extreme  Geomagnetic Storms.† Space Science Reviews 158.1 (2011): 69-89. Academic  Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Barrow, Daniel, and Katia I. Matcheva. â€Å"Impact of atmospheric gravity waves on the  jovian ionosphere.† ICARUS 211.1 (2011): 609-622. Academic Search Premier.EBSCO. Web. Bhardwaj, Anil. â€Å"X-Ray Emission from the Solar System Bodies: Connection with Solar  X-Rays and Solar Wind.† AIP Conference Proceedings 1216.1 (2010): 526-531.  Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Chen, Shu-cheng S., Joseph P. Veres, and James E. Fittje. â€Å"Turb opump Design and  Analysis Approach for Nuclear Thermal Rockets.† AIP Conference Proceedings  813.1 (2006): 522-530. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Ehouarn Millour, et al. â€Å"The impact of martian mesoscale winds on surface temperature  and on the determination of thermal inertia.† ICARUS 212.2 (2011): 504-519.  Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Fittje, James E., and Robert J. Buehrle. â€Å"Conceptual Engine System Design for NERVA  derived 66.7KN and 111.2KN Thrust Nuclear Thermal Rockets.† AIP Conference  Proceedings 813.1 (2006): 502-513. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web.  21 May 2011. GASPARRI, DANIELE. â€Å"Beneath the Shroud of Venus.† Sky Telescope 120.4 (2010):  72. MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. Grandin, Karl, Peter Jagers, and Sven Kullander. â€Å"Nuclear Energy.† AMBIO – A Journal  of the Human Environment 39.(2010): 26-30. GreenFILE. EBSCO. Web. George Theodorakos, et al. â€Å"The Distress A lerting Satellite System.† GPS World 22.1  (2011): 72. MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. Janssens, Frank L., and Jozef C. van der Ha. â€Å"On the stability of spinning satellites.†Ã‚  Acta Astronautica 68.7/8 (2011): 778-789. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO.  Web. Kavita Pandey, et al. â€Å"Relationship between interplanetary field/plasma parameters with  geomagnetic indices and their behavior during intense geomagnetic storms.†Ã‚  New Astronomy 16.6 (2011): 366-385. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web.  21 May 2011. Lenard, Roger X. â€Å"The advisability of prototypic testing for space nuclear systems. â€Å"Acta  Astronautica 57.2-8 (2005): 404-414. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web.  21 May 2011. Lemaire, Joseph. â€Å"Convective Instability Of The Solar Corona: Why The Solar Wind  Blows.† AIP Conference Proceedings 1216.1 (2010): 20-23. Academic Search  Premier. EBSCO. Web. Lisitskiy, M. P. â€Å"Gamma-ray superconducting detector based on Abrikosov vortices:  Principle of operation.† Journal of Applied Physics 106.10 (2009): 103927-103939. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. O. Malandraki, et al. â€Å"Particle Acceleration and Propagation in Strong Flares without  Major Solar Energetic Particle Events.† Solar Physics 269.2 (2011): 309-333.  Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Reisz, Aloysius I., and Stephen L. Rodgers. â€Å"Engines for the cosmos. â€Å"Mechanical  Engineering 125.1 (2003): 50. Business Source Premier. EBSCO. Web. S. McGregor, et al. â€Å"Solar Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections: A Statistically  Determined Flare Flux – CME Mass Correlation.† Solar Physics 268.1 (2011):  195-212. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. S. Razzaque, et al. â€Å"The Gamma Ray Burst section of the White Paper on the Status  and Future of Very High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy: A Brief Preliminary  Report.† AIP Conference Proceedings 1000.1 (2008): 611-615. 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How To Design a Science Fair Experiment

How To Design a Science Fair Experiment A good science fair experiment applies the scientific method to answer a question or test an effect. Follow these steps to design an experiment that follows the approved procedure for science fair projects. State an Objective Science fair projects start with a purpose or objective. Why are you studying this? What do you hope to learn? What makes this topic interesting? An objective is a brief statement of the goal of an experiment, which you can use to help narrow down choices for a hypothesis. Propose a Testable Hypothesis The hardest part of experimental design may be the first step, which is deciding what to test and proposing a hypothesis you can use to build an experiment. You could state the hypothesis as an if:  If plants are not given light, then they will not grow. You could state a null or no: There is no difference in the size of beans soaked in water compared with beans soaked in saltwater. The key to formulating a good science fair hypothesis is to make sure you have the ability to test it, record data, and draw a conclusion. Compare these two hypotheses and decide which you could test: Cupcakes sprinkled with colored sugar are better than plain frosted cupcakes. People  are more likely to choose cupcakes sprinkled with colored sugar than plain frosted cupcakes. Once you have an idea for an experiment, it often helps to write out several different versions of a hypothesis and select the one that works best for you. See  Hypothesis Examples Identify the Independent, Dependent, and Control Variable To draw a valid conclusion from your experiment, you ideally want to test the effect of changing one factor, while holding all other factors constant or unchanged. There are several possible variables in an experiment, but be sure to identify the big three: independent, dependent, and control variables. The independent variable is the one you manipulate or change to test its effect on the dependent variable. Controlled variables are other factors in your experiment you try to control or hold constant. For example, lets say your hypothesis is: Duration of daylight has no effect on how long a cat sleeps. Your independent variable is duration of daylight (how many hours of daylight the cat sees). The dependent variable is how long the cat sleeps per day. Controlled variables might include amount of exercise and cat food supplied to the cat, how often it is disturbed, whether or not other cats are present, the approximate age of cats that are tested, etc. Perform Enough Tests Consider an experiment with the hypothesis: If you toss a coin, there is an equal chance of it coming up heads or tails. That is a nice, testable hypothesis, but you cant draw any sort of valid conclusion from a single coin toss. Neither are you likely to get enough data from 2-3 coin tosses, or even 10. Its important to have a large enough sample size that your experiment isnt overly influenced by randomness. Sometimes this means you need to perform a test multiple times on a single subject or small set of subjects. In other cases, you may want to gather data from a large, representative sample of population. Gather the Right Data There are two main types of data: qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data describes a quality, such as red/green, more/less, yes/no. Quantitative data is recorded as a number. If you can, gather quantitative data because its much easier to analyze using mathematical tests. Tabulate or Graph the Results Once you have recorded your data, report it in a table and/or graph. This visual representation of the data makes it easier for you to see patterns or trends and makes your science fair project more appealing to other students, teachers, and judges. Test the Hypothesis Was the hypothesis accepted or rejected? Once you make this determination, ask yourself whether you met the objective of the experiment or whether further study is needed. Sometimes an experiment doesnt work out the way you expect. You may accept the experiment or decide to conduct a new experiment, based on what you learned. Draw a Conclusion Based on the experience you gained from the experiment and whether you accepted or rejected the hypothesis, you should be able to draw some conclusions about your subject. You should state these in your report.

Roman Empire Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Roman Empire - Annotated Bibliography Example He taught Ancient history as well as Latin at the University of Willamette since 2006 to 2007. He taught a quite popular course on the Ancient Magic as well as on Roman Africa, a well received course as well. The author’s main focus is the growth of Rome from scratch into a big empire. He looks at its positioning, technology, the government and strategies employed for growth. Points supporting the growth of Rome include its position which was steep. The author uses this point to show how easy it was to defend the city against the attacks from enemies hence facilitating growth. Rome was ruled by a series of Kings who got advised by the senate that constituted of leading family heads in Rome. This point shows the leadership that lead to the growth of Rome. The way of life in Rome involved trade with centers being Rome cities. Cities were carefully planned by Roman engineers. This point shows how the economy grew hence the growth of the empire (Nice,